Expected results

Expected learning outcomes are specific, measurable competencies (knowledge, abilities, skills, and personal qualities) that graduates should possess upon completion of the educational program. These include professional competence, critical thinking, practical application of knowledge, and a readiness for lifelong learning and research.

The key expected learning outcomes are divided into several levels:

• Graduate competencies: Ability to solve professional problems, master research methods, adapt to change, and make management decisions.
• Applied skills: Enhanced practical skills, capacity for scientific research.
• Personal qualities: Developed critical thinking, communication skills, teamwork, and self-organization.
  These outcomes are regulated by state educational standards (SES) and core educational programs (CEPs).

Main categories of learning outcomes
According to educational standards, outcomes are grouped into the following areas:

• Cognitive (Knowledge): A thorough understanding of the theoretical foundations, modern technologies, and methods in a chosen field (e.g., information technology, humanities, or natural sciences).
• Functional (Skills and Abilities): Practical ability to perform specific actions, such as conducting research and developing teaching materials.
• General cultural and personal: Developing skills such as critical thinking, responsibility, patriotism, communication skills, and self-organization.
• Professional: Readiness to work in a specific industry in accordance with labor market requirements.

Requirements for the formulation of outcomes
For LEs to be effective, they must meet the criteria of measurability and specificity:

1. Student-centered: Describe the student’s achievements, not the teacher’s intentions.
2. Measurable: The outcome can be verified through exams, tests, or project defenses.
3. Achievable: Concisely and realistically formulated within the curriculum.
   The role of the outcomes for the university and society

• For students: Understanding the skills they will acquire and how they can be implemented after graduation.
• For employers: A clear model of graduate competencies, ensuring their readiness for professional work.